How to Use Adjectives in Mandarin: A Beginner's Guide

What Are Adjectives in Mandarin?

Adjectives in Mandarin, known as 形容词 (xíng róng cí), are words that describe or modify nouns. They provide information on the qualities or states of beings and objects, such as color, size, and mood.

Basic Structure of Sentences with Adjectives in Mandarin

In Mandarin, adjectives are often used with the verb 是 (shì) to describe something. However, Mandarin adjectives can also stand on their own to modify a noun. Here are two typical structures: Noun + 是 + Adjective or Noun + Adjective.

Using Adjectives to Compare

When comparing two items, we use the structure A 比 B + Adjective. This structure means that A is more [adjective] than B.

• A 比 B + Adjective
• A 没有 B + Adjective
• A 和 B 一样 + Adjective

Common Errors to Avoid

Avoid using the verb 是 (shì) with adjectives that naturally express a state of being. Instead, use 很 (hěn), which can function as an intensifier, although often it simply connects the adjective with the noun without adding much meaning.