How to Use the Negative Particle 唔 (m) in Cantonese

Understanding Negation in Cantonese

In Cantonese, negation is typically expressed using the particle 唔 (m). This particle is fundamental for constructing negative sentences. Its usage can differ based on context and verb structure.

Basic Structure of Negation with 唔 (m)

The negative particle 唔 (m) appears directly before the verb or adjective it negates. Unlike English, where auxiliary verbs are often needed, Cantonese simply places 唔 in front to indicate a negation.

• 我唔去 (Ngóh m heui) - I am not going
• 佢唔食 (Kéuih m sihk) - He/She does not eat
• 呢啲唔貴 (Nī dī m gwai) - These are not expensive

Negation with Adjectives

In addition to verbs, the particle 唔 is used to negate adjectives. This is similar to negating verbs, where you place the particle before the adjective.

Common Mistakes with 唔 (m)

Negating Past and Future Tenses

While 唔 itself doesn't change based on tense, the particle is used in conjunction with context or words that denote time to express both past and future negations.

• 我唔會去 (Ngóh m wuih heui) - I will not go
• 佢唔再見 (Kéuih m joi gin) - He will not see again
• 我昨天唔去 (Ngóh johtīn m heui) - I did not go yesterday