Understanding Separable and Inseparable Verbs in German

What Are Separable Verbs?

Separable verbs in German are characterized by having prefixes that detach from the base verb when used in a sentence. These prefixes alter the meaning of the verb significantly.

• aufstehen (to get up)
• einkaufen (to shop)
• anrufen (to call)

How to Identify Separable Verbs

One of the key indicators of a separable verb is the prefix. Common prefixes include ab-, an-, auf-, aus-, and ein-. In usage, these prefixes are moved to the end of the clause.

Inseparable Verbs: A Contrast

Inseparable verbs do not allow their prefixes to detach from the base verb. These prefixes are usually syllables like be-, emp-, ent-, er-, ge-, miss-, ver-, and zer-.

Usage in Sentences

Separable and inseparable verbs transform within a sentence differently. Consider the verb aufmachen (to open). In the sentence Ich mache die Tür auf, "auf" detaches and appears at the end. In contrast, for the inseparable verstehen (to understand), the prefix remains attached: Ich verstehe dich.

Common Mistakes to Avoid