Understanding Relative Clauses in Hindi: A Guide for English Speakers

What are Relative Clauses?

Relative clauses are an essential component of language that provide additional information about a noun. In English, they typically follow the noun they describe using words like "who," "which," "that." In Hindi, relative clauses also serve to specify or give more detail about a noun.

Structure of Relative Clauses in Hindi

In Hindi, relative clauses often begin with words such as "जो" (jo) which translates to "who" or "that" in English. It functions as a relative pronoun connecting the main clause to its relative clause.

• जो (jo) - who, which, that
• जिसने (jisne) - the one who
• जिसको (jisko) - whom

Examples of Relative Clauses in Hindi

Common Usage and Variations

Relative clauses in Hindi, similar to English, are used extensively to combine sentences and add descriptive detail. Often, the placement and choice of the relative pronoun are guided by the grammatical case of the noun being described.

Using "जो" with Different Cases

• Nominative Case: जो (jo) = who/which
• Accusative Case: जिसे (jise) = whom
• Dative Case: जिसे (jise) = to whom